رفتارها، باورها و سنت‌های مرتبط با بارداری در شهرستان جهرم: یک مطالعه مردم‌نگاری متمرکز

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth are accompanied by specific customs and rituals in different cultures. This study aimed to identify and analyse beliefs and traditions related to pregnancy in Jahrom County, based on the theory of cultural care.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a focused ethnographic approach. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews with women who had experienced childbirth, a local midwife, and a formally trained midwife, field notes, and review of relevant texts. Purposeful sampling continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis and Spradley’s four-step approach. The trustworthiness of the findings was ensured using Guba and Lincoln’s four criteria.
Results: The core theme was “the integration of traditional beliefs and modern health recommendations.” Beliefs were classified into nine main categories. The most significant harmful belief was the prohibition of consuming foods with a “hot” temperament during the first trimester of pregnancy, leading to micronutrient deficiencies. The most significant beneficial belief was the extensive social support provided to the pregnant woman, which contributed to stress reduction and improved mental health. Neutral beliefs were also identified.
Conclusion: Understanding and respecting cultural beliefs, particularly regarding nutrition and social support, can aid in designing effective and tailored interventions to improve maternal and neonatal health in Jahrom. The theory of cultural care provides a suitable framework for analysing beliefs at three levels: preservation, accommodation, and re-patterning. This study reflects the coexistence of traditional and modern medical systems in a transitioning urban–rural society.