نقش سیکلین ها، کینازهای وابسته به سیکلین و مهارکننده های کینازهای وابسته به سیکلین در چرخه سلولی و سرطان

Introduction: The mammalian cell cycle is a highly conserved process and contains four distinct ordered phases. There are multiple checkpoint mechanisms to protect genome integrity. Deregulations in these checkpoint mechanisms promote cancer induction. Downregulation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) because of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation result in cancer induction. Fortunately, this process is reversible and re-expression of TSGs induce apoptosis induction. In this review, positive and negative cell cycle regulators and therapeutic strategies are investigated.
Methods: This narrative review study has been written with investigation of a series of articles published in the field of cancer. In this work, several keywords were selected from MESH including Cyclin, Cyclin-dependent kinase, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, Tumor suppressor genes, DNA methyltransferase, and Histone deacetylase and search was done using the PubMed online database and the Scholar website. Finally, good and high- quality studies were investigated.
Results: Re-expression of TSGs by epigenetic drugs is suitable strategy for cancer treatment. These compounds can inhibit DNMTs and HDACs activities resulting in re-expression of TSGs.
Conclusion: Epigenetic drugs can reactivate silenced TSGs, resulting in apoptosis induction. This method can be a good strategy for cancer treatment.