وضعیت سواد غذا و تغذیه در دانش آموزان ابتدایی غرب ایران: یک مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه، مراغه، ایران
2 هسته تحقیقات هماتولوژی، ایمیون سل تراپی و پیوند سلولهای بنیادی (HISRC)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه ،ّ ایران
3 گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خراسان شمالی، بجنورد،ّ ایران
4 گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه ،ّ ایران
5 گروه فوریتهای پزشکی و اتاق عمل، دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه، مراغه، ایران
6 گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی و بیوتکنولوژی،دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه، مراغه، ایران
7 گروه علوم آزمایشگاهی و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم پزشکی مراغه، مراغه، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: سواد غذا و تغذیه در سال های اخیر اهمیت فزاینده ای در تحقیقات غذا و تغذیه پیدا کرده و به عنوان یک عامل کلیدی در سلامت جمعیت و مشکلات پیچیده بهداشت عمومی در نظر گرفته شده است. هدف از این مطالعه مقطعی، بررسی وضعیت سواد غذا و تغذیه کودکان کرد 12-10 ساله در استان کردستان در غرب ایران بود.

روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مقطعی داده ها با استفاده از ابزار سواد غذا و تغذیه استاندارد، جمع آوری شد. در سال 1401 بر اساس نمونه گیری خوشه ای هدفمند از دانش آموزان مقطع ابتدایی استفاده شد. نمونه گیری بر اساس نسبت مساوی دانش آموزان بر حسب جنسیت و مقطع تحصیلی در تعداد مساوی دختر و پسر و پایه های چهارم، پنجم و ششم انجام شد. تعداد کل نمونه ها 390 (پسر=195 و دختر=195) بود. افراد به همین تعداد از پایه های 5،4و6 به طور تصادفی از بین 52 مدرسه ابتدایی انتخاب شدند. در مجموع 10 مدرسه از شمال، جنوب، شرق، غرب و مرکز شهرستان بانه در استان کردستان انتخاب شدند که نیمی از آنها پسر و نیمی دختر بودند.
یافته‌ها: از بین هفت حیطه سواد غذا و تغذیه، بیشترین امتیاز مربوط به حیطه دانش تغذیه سالم با میانگین
±10.8 84.5 و کمترین امتیاز مربوط به حیطه سواد برچسب تغذیه ای با میانگین 7.7± 26.9 بود. در حیطه شناختی از 390 نفر کل نمونه، حدود 10 درصد دانش آموزان و در حیطه مهارت حدود 33 درصد دانش آموزان سواد غذا و تغذیه ای پایینی داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان دهنده شکاف بین حیطه های دانش و مهارت سطوح سواد غذا و تغذیه ای در سنین پایین است، یعنی اگرچه سطح سواد و تغذیه کودکان در حوزه دانش نسبتاً مطلوب است، اما در حوزه مهارت مناسب نیست. 


کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The status of nutrition literacy among elementary school students in western Iran: a cross-sectional study

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Ahmadpour 1
Arezoo Hosseini 2
Sayed Hamid Hosseini 3
Hashem Heshmati 4
Hossein Alikhah 5
Reza Shiri 6
Vida Hashemi 7
1 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
2 Tuberculosis Immunotherapy and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Core (HISRC), Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3 Department of Health Education and Prmotion, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd,Iran
4 Department of public health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
5 Emergency Medicine Specialist, Maragheh University of Medical sciences, Maragheh, Iran
6 Department of laboratory science and biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
7 Department of laboratory science and biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction: Food and nutrition literacy has become increasingly important in food and nutrition research in recent years and is considered a key factor in population health and complex public health problems. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the status of nutrition literacy of 10-12-year-old Kurdish children in Kurdistan province in western Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using a food and nutrition literacy tool. In 2022, based on targeted cluster sampling, primary school students were used. The total number of samples was 390 (male=195 and female=195). The same number of people from grades 4,5, 6 were randomly selected from 52 elementary schools. A total of 10 schools were selected from north, south, east, west and center of Baneh city in Kurdistan province, half of them were boys and half were girls.
Results: Among the seven areas of food and nutrition literacy, the highest score was related to the area of knowledge of healthy eating (84.5) and the lowest score was related to the area of nutrition label literacy (26.9). About 10% in the cognitive field and about 33% in the skill field had low food and nutrition literacy.
Conclusion: The results of this study show the gap between the knowledge and skill areas of food and nutritional literacy levels at young ages, that is, although the level of literacy and nutrition of children is relatively favorable in the field of knowledge, it is not suitable in the field of skills.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Nutrition literacy
Students
Iran
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