1. Tiselius HG. Epidemiology and medical management
of stone disease. BJU Int;2003; 91: 758–67
2. Barnela SR, Soni SS, Saboo SS, Bhansali AS.
Medical management of renal stone. Indian J
Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Mar;16(2):236-9.
3. Hughes T, Ho HC, Pietropaolo A, Somani BK.
Guideline of guidelines for kidney and bladder stones.
Turk J Urol. 2020;46 :104-12.
4. Cassell A 3rd, Jalloh M, Ndoye M, Mbodji M, Gaye
O, Thiam NM, Diallo A, Labou I, Niang L, Gueye S.
Surgical Management of Urolithiasis of the Upper
Tract - Current Trend of Endourology in Africa. Res
Rep Urol. 2020 6;12:225-238.
5. Brown DL. Spinal, epidural and caudal anesthesia. In:
Miller RD, editor. Anesthesia. Philadelphia:
Churchill-Livingstone; 2000: 1492–8.
6. Basiri A, Mohammadi Sichani M, Hosseini SR, et al.
X-ray-free percutaneous nephrolithotomy in supine
position with ultrasound guidance. World J Urol.
2010; 28:239-44.
7. Nouralizadeh A, Ziaee SA, Hosseini Sharifi SH.
Comparison of percutaneous nephrolithotomy under
spinal versus general anesthesia: a randomized clinical
trial. J Endourol. 2013;27:974-8.
8.Zhang X, Xia L, Xu T, Wang X, Zhong S, Shen Z, et
al. Is the supine position superior to the7 prone
position for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)? J
Endourol .2014; 42(1): 87-93.
9. Ho VT, Newman NJ, Song S. Ischemic optic
neuropathy 8-following spine surgery. J Neurosurg
Anesthesiol 2005; 17:38–44.
10. Chauhan S, Sahoo M, Pillai A, Choudhary M,
Saxena N. Another aid for difficult intubation. Indian
J. Anaesth. 2002; 46 (6) : 491-292
11. Khan ZH, Kashfi A, Ebrahimkhani E. A Comparison
of the Upper Lip Bite Test (a Simple New Technique)
with Modified Mallampati Classification in Predicting
Difficulty in Endotracheal Intubation: A Prospective
Blinded Study. Anesth Analg 2003; 96: 595-99
12. Hussain khan Z, Mirazimi F. Forward movement of
the lower mandible in the prediction of difficult
intubation: a prospective study. Tehran Univ Med J
2007; 65 (5) :1-5
13. Padhy S, Jonnavithula N, Ramachandran G.
Evaluation of changes in mallampati class in patients
undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgeries
in the prone position: A prospective observational
study. Trend Anesth Criti Care. 2018; 22:56-60.
14. Wilson CW, Benumof JL. Pathophysiology,
evaluation, and treatment of the difficult airway.
Anesthesiol Clin North America. 1998; 16:29-75
15. Soleimanpour H, Gholipouri C, Panahi JR, Afhami
MR, Ghafouri RR, Golzari SE, et al. Role of
anesthesiology curriculum in improving bag-mask
ventilation and intubation success rates of emergency
medicine residents: a prospective descriptive study.
BMC Emerg Med. 2011; 11:8.
16. Padhy S, Jonnavithula N, Ramachandran G.
Evaluation of changes in mallampati class in 13
patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy
surgeries in the prone position: A prospective
.observational study. Trends in Anaesthesia and
Critical Care. 2018 22:56-60
17. Mishra P, Gupta B, Chandra P, Kumar A. Changes
in modified Mallampati class in patients undergoing
percutaneous nephrolithotomy in prone position – A
prospective observational study. Airway 2022;5:13-8
18. Teo, E. Y. L., Kelley, B. S., & Black, I. H.
Observational study of Mallampati changes after
prone spinal surgery. JCA. 2014; 26(8): 606-10.
19. Kwee MM, Ho YH, Rozen WM. The prone position
during surgery and its complications: a systematic
review and evidence-based guidelines. Int Surg.
2015;100(2):292-303.
20. Desborough JP. The stress response to trauma and
surgery. Br J Anaesth 2000; 85:109-17.
21. Chappell D, Jacob M, Hofmann-Kiefer K, Conzen
P, Rehm M. A rational approach to perioperative fluid
management. Anesth . 2008;109:723-40.
22. Levick JR, Michel CC. Microvascular fluid
exchange and the revised Starling principle.
Cardiovasc Res. 2010; 87:198-210.
23. Kukreja RA, Desai MR, Sabnis RB, Patel SH. Fluid
absorption during percutaneous nephrolithotomy:
Does itmatter? J Endourol. 2002; 16:221‑4.
24. Dar SA, Khan MS, Iqbal FA, Nazeer T, Hussain R.
Comparison of upper lip bite test (ULBT) with
mallampati classification, regarding assessment of
difficult intubation. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2017;
11:767-9.
25. Hirmanpour A, Safavi M, Honarmand A, Jabalameli
M, Banisadr G. The predictive value of the ratio of
neck circumference to thyromental distance in
comparison with four predictive tests for difficult
laryngoscopy in obstetric patients scheduled for
caesarean delivery. Adv Biomed Res. 2014; 3:200.
26. Shobha D, Adiga M, Rani DD, Kannan S, Nethra SS.
Comparison of upper lip bite test and ratio of height to
thyromental distance with other airway assessment
tests for predicting difficult endotracheal intubation.
Anesth Essays Res. 2018;12(1):124-9.
27. Roth D, Pace NL, Lee A, Hovhannisyan K, Warenits
AM, Arrich J, et al. Bedside tests for predicting
difficult airways: an a bridged cochrane diagnostic test
accuracy systematic review. Anesthesia. 2019;
74(7):915-28.