Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of ginseng on cyclophosphamide detoxification in liver tissue of adult rats

Introduction: Liver is a vital organ of the human bodies which continuing of life is impossible without it. Cyclophophamide is an anti-cancer drug using in chemotherapy. The purpose of this study is to find an appropriate anti-oxidant and evaluate the effect of ginseng extraction to reduce the complications of cyclophosphamide on liver. Methods and Materials: We examined 60 adult female rats which were from wistar race. We classified our samples to six groups namely, control group which did not receive any drug, experimental group 1 which daily received 5mg/kg/bw of cyclophosphamide, experimental group 2 which received 2gr/kg/bw of ginseng extraction. In addition experimental groups of 3, 4 and 5 have received 0.5, 1 and 2 gr/kg/bw of hydro alcoholic ginseng extract together with 5mg/kg/bw cyclophosphamide. The slides were prepared by tissue processing from the liver tissue and then studied. Results: The cells of control group were normal. In experimental group 1, hydropic swelling of the liver cells and cell necrosis was excessive. In experimental group 2, no changes were observed in liver tissue. In experimental group 3, destruction of hepatocytes in the liver cells as well as the congestion exposure and lymphocyte infiltration was observed less than the experimental group1. In experimental groups 4, hepatocyte destruction in the liver cells was less than experimental group 1 and 3. In experimental groups 5, hepatocyte destruction in the liver cells was less than the experimental groups 1 and 4. Conclusions: Cyclophosphamide can by various mechanisms among them producing active oxygen species the reason of distraction in liver tissue, but extract of ginseng is reducing some of the complications of cyclophosphamide.