Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 Effect of intrathecal fentanyl injection on hemodynamic changes in patients with opium abuse disorder undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery Effect of intrathecal fentanyl injection on hemodynamic changes in patients with opium abuse disorder undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery 1 9 718313 10.22034/pjms.2024.2032822.1147 FA Seyedeh Roya Mosavi Departement of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Parvaneh Ebrahimzadeh Departement of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Sepideh Yazdanpanah Departement of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Mansour Deylami Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 0000-0002-5933-3219 Journal Article 2024 06 18 Introduction: The duration of anesthesia and analgesia is reduced in drug addict patients who undergo surgery with intraspinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was a double-blind clinical trial on 68 patients who were candidates for elective orthopedic surgeries of the lower limbs under spinal anesthesia. patients into 2 groups using random numbers table; Intervention (a group of addicted people who received intrathecal marcaine together with fentanyl for spinal anesthesia) and control (a group of addicted people who received only intrathecal marcaine for spinal anesthesia) were divided. Hemodynamic symptoms (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, percentage of arterial oxygen saturation) and nausea and vomiting were measured in both groups. Result: The average mean arterial pressure of patients in both control and intervention groups was not significantly different from each other (P-Value = 0.152). The number of heartbeats per minute of the patients was significantly lower in the intervention group (P-Value < 0.001). The mean percentage of arterial oxygen saturation was not significantly different between the two groups (P-Value = 0.571). The use and non-use of fentanyl has no effect on the incidence of nausea and vomiting (P-Value = 0.259). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the use of intrathecal fentanyl in patients with opium abuse disorder undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs causes slight changes in mean arterial pressure with a significant decrease in heart rate in these patients. Introduction: The duration of anesthesia and analgesia is reduced in drug addict patients who undergo surgery with intraspinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was a double-blind clinical trial on 68 patients who were candidates for elective orthopedic surgeries of the lower limbs under spinal anesthesia. patients into 2 groups using random numbers table; Intervention (a group of addicted people who received intrathecal marcaine together with fentanyl for spinal anesthesia) and control (a group of addicted people who received only intrathecal marcaine for spinal anesthesia) were divided. Hemodynamic symptoms (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, percentage of arterial oxygen saturation) and nausea and vomiting were measured in both groups. Result: The average mean arterial pressure of patients in both control and intervention groups was not significantly different from each other (P-Value = 0.152). The number of heartbeats per minute of the patients was significantly lower in the intervention group (P-Value < 0.001). The mean percentage of arterial oxygen saturation was not significantly different between the two groups (P-Value = 0.571). The use and non-use of fentanyl has no effect on the incidence of nausea and vomiting (P-Value = 0.259). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the use of intrathecal fentanyl in patients with opium abuse disorder undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs causes slight changes in mean arterial pressure with a significant decrease in heart rate in these patients.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718313_f1e6107d9680ddef14ef3abf7fb39e41.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 "Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Serious Game Simulation for an Emergency Medicine Course" "Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Serious Game Simulation for an Emergency Medicine Course" 10 19 718318 10.22034/pjms.2024.2038414.1155 FA Esmaeil Rayatdost 1Emergency Medicine Department, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Leili Mosalanejad Medical Education Department, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 0000-0003-2688-9664 Samaneh Abiri 1Emergency Medicine Department, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Reza Bahrebar Medical Student, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Journal Article 2024 08 15 Introduction: The teaching of emergency medicine as an important subject is of particular importance in medical education. The use of games and gamification in education as a technology to enhance learning is of great importance today and its effects on learning in a fun and motivating environment can help improve the teaching of medical sciences. The main objective of this thesis is to design, implement and evaluate a simulation of an emergency medicine course in the form of a serious game. Materials & Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental survey conducted on 60 external and internal students with easy sampling and all students in July, August, September and October in the emergency medicine unit in the form of a census .Thirty participants from the intervention group (Emergency Medicine students from September and August) and the control group (Emergency Medicine students from June and July) were recruited. The game was developed as a game application, capable of running on systems and mobile devices at (https: //emergencygame.ir/?p=134) to evaluate each step of student learning through writing scores and satisfaction on a 10-part scale, and their opinions were examined through interviews and extracted semantic codes. Descriptive and analytic statistics was used to analysis. Results: The average scores of the students of the two groups showed the effect of the intervention on students' learning (t-test: -2.47, P=0.01). Students' satisfaction with (7.93±1.78) indicates a good satisfaction with its implementation and the average time spent 142.80 showed that the intervention was able to attract students' concentration and interest. Students positively evaluated the effects of gamification on learning indicators in qualitative evaluation through interviews. Conclusion: Considering the impact of gamification on students' satisfaction and learning indicators and their interest in emerging technologies, this method is recommended in medical science education. Introduction: The teaching of emergency medicine as an important subject is of particular importance in medical education. The use of games and gamification in education as a technology to enhance learning is of great importance today and its effects on learning in a fun and motivating environment can help improve the teaching of medical sciences. The main objective of this thesis is to design, implement and evaluate a simulation of an emergency medicine course in the form of a serious game. Materials & Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental survey conducted on 60 external and internal students with easy sampling and all students in July, August, September and October in the emergency medicine unit in the form of a census .Thirty participants from the intervention group (Emergency Medicine students from September and August) and the control group (Emergency Medicine students from June and July) were recruited. The game was developed as a game application, capable of running on systems and mobile devices at (https: //emergencygame.ir/?p=134) to evaluate each step of student learning through writing scores and satisfaction on a 10-part scale, and their opinions were examined through interviews and extracted semantic codes. Descriptive and analytic statistics was used to analysis. Results: The average scores of the students of the two groups showed the effect of the intervention on students' learning (t-test: -2.47, P=0.01). Students' satisfaction with (7.93±1.78) indicates a good satisfaction with its implementation and the average time spent 142.80 showed that the intervention was able to attract students' concentration and interest. Students positively evaluated the effects of gamification on learning indicators in qualitative evaluation through interviews. Conclusion: Considering the impact of gamification on students' satisfaction and learning indicators and their interest in emerging technologies, this method is recommended in medical science education.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718318_d372dd7baa03b3af2e28272fad4f8b46.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 The effect of resistance training on reticulophagy-related proteins (ATF6, mTOR and JNK1) in the left ventricle of adult male rats with type 2 diabetes The effect of resistance training on reticulophagy-related proteins (ATF6, mTOR and JNK1) in the left ventricle of adult male rats with type 2 diabetes 20 29 718314 10.22034/pjms.2024.2040263.1158 FA Fatemeh Solhdoust Department of Sport Sciences, Apadana Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran. Hamed Alizadeh Pahlavani Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University,, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-2313-9684 Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam Department of Sport Sciences, Apadana Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran. Journal Article 2024 09 07 Introduction: With the increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide, it seems that resistance training can reduce cardiac dysfunction in diabetic models. The aim of the present study is the effectiveness of resistance training on reticulophagy-related proteins in the left ventricle of the heart of type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 12 2-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 280±20 grams were selected. Type 2 diabetes was induced by injecting nicotinamide and streptozotocin solutions. Rats were randomly divided into the diabetic resistance training group and the diabetic control group. Resistance training consisted of 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week of climbing a vertical ladder with an 85degree slope, one meter long with 26 steps and 2 cm space between each step. To analyses the data, independent t-tests, and t-dependent tests were used in SPSS version 29 software. Results: The protein content of ATF6 (P=0.001) and mTOR (P=0.03) showed a significant decrease and increase, respectively, compared to the control group in the left ventricle of the heart after 8 weeks of resistance training. On the other hand, there was no significant change in JNK1 protein content in the left ventricle of the heart (P=0.16). The level of blood sugar (mg/dl) did not show a significant change between the eighth week compared to the first week in the resistance training group (P=0.07), but a significant difference was observed between the eighth week in the control group compared to the resistance training group (P=0.001). Conclusion: It seems that resistance training for 8 weeks is capable of modulating proteins related to reticulophagy in the heart of people with type 2 diabetes. Introduction: With the increasing prevalence of diabetes worldwide, it seems that resistance training can reduce cardiac dysfunction in diabetic models. The aim of the present study is the effectiveness of resistance training on reticulophagy-related proteins in the left ventricle of the heart of type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 12 2-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 280±20 grams were selected. Type 2 diabetes was induced by injecting nicotinamide and streptozotocin solutions. Rats were randomly divided into the diabetic resistance training group and the diabetic control group. Resistance training consisted of 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week of climbing a vertical ladder with an 85degree slope, one meter long with 26 steps and 2 cm space between each step. To analyses the data, independent t-tests, and t-dependent tests were used in SPSS version 29 software. Results: The protein content of ATF6 (P=0.001) and mTOR (P=0.03) showed a significant decrease and increase, respectively, compared to the control group in the left ventricle of the heart after 8 weeks of resistance training. On the other hand, there was no significant change in JNK1 protein content in the left ventricle of the heart (P=0.16). The level of blood sugar (mg/dl) did not show a significant change between the eighth week compared to the first week in the resistance training group (P=0.07), but a significant difference was observed between the eighth week in the control group compared to the resistance training group (P=0.001). Conclusion: It seems that resistance training for 8 weeks is capable of modulating proteins related to reticulophagy in the heart of people with type 2 diabetes.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718314_1da2c81c306f1fa3ea0ff8c038509e63.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 Evaluation of hematological changes in critically ill COVID- 19 patients with venous thromboembolism Evaluation of hematological changes in critically ill COVID- 19 patients with venous thromboembolism 30 36 718317 10.22034/pjms.2024.2031137.1142 FA Akbar Hashemi Tayer Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases , Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 0000-0001-8007-5552 Maryam Kamravan Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases , Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 0000-0003-3574-6753 Mohadeseh Moradiparast Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases , Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Journal Article 2024 06 04 Introduction: The COVID-19 disease significantly impacts the blood coagulation system. Some patients with a severe form of COVID-19 are more susceptible to coagulation disorders, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and severe inflammatory responses. This study seeks to improve our understanding of coagulation parameters and examine their changes in COVID-19 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 56 patients with COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit, consisting of 30 patients without venous thromboembolism (VTE) and 26 patients with VTE. Additionally, 30 healthy individuals who provided written informed consent were included in the sampling. Complete blood count (CBC) was conducted using a sysmax hematology analyzer. Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and fibrinogen tests were manually performed with dual repeat for clot formation evaluation. Furthermore, d-dimer, and vWF-Ag indices were determined using the ELISA-based technique. Results: In the analysis of CBC parameters, a statistically significant difference was noted between critically ill patients with COVID-19 and healthy individuals (p<0.001). There was also a substantial elevation in coagulation panels, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with VTE compared to those without VTE and healthy individuals (p<0.001). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients, particularly those with VTE, exhibit notable variations in blood and coagulation parameters, as well as increased fibrinogen levels, indicating a potential augmentation in the susceptibility to thrombotic events. Introduction: The COVID-19 disease significantly impacts the blood coagulation system. Some patients with a severe form of COVID-19 are more susceptible to coagulation disorders, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and severe inflammatory responses. This study seeks to improve our understanding of coagulation parameters and examine their changes in COVID-19 patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 56 patients with COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit, consisting of 30 patients without venous thromboembolism (VTE) and 26 patients with VTE. Additionally, 30 healthy individuals who provided written informed consent were included in the sampling. Complete blood count (CBC) was conducted using a sysmax hematology analyzer. Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and fibrinogen tests were manually performed with dual repeat for clot formation evaluation. Furthermore, d-dimer, and vWF-Ag indices were determined using the ELISA-based technique. Results: In the analysis of CBC parameters, a statistically significant difference was noted between critically ill patients with COVID-19 and healthy individuals (p<0.001). There was also a substantial elevation in coagulation panels, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with VTE compared to those without VTE and healthy individuals (p<0.001). Conclusion: COVID-19 patients, particularly those with VTE, exhibit notable variations in blood and coagulation parameters, as well as increased fibrinogen levels, indicating a potential augmentation in the susceptibility to thrombotic events.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718317_1fcc93472a88752b61cfbfc29227a4aa.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 Structural model of psycho-somatic abdominal pain in 10-12-year-old children based on parent-child relationship and social learning with the mediation of adaptation skills Structural model of psycho-somatic abdominal pain in 10-12-year-old children based on parent-child relationship and social learning with the mediation of adaptation skills 37 46 718315 10.22034/pjms.2024.2031256.1143 FA Somayeh Moini Nasab PhD student in psychology, Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran 0009-0001-3550-5522 Mojtaba Ansari Shahidi Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran 0000-0003-3213-5164 Hamid Reza Nikyar Assistant Professor, Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Hosein Saneian Assistant Professor, Children's Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran 0000-0003-0428-3637 Amir Mohsen Rah Nejat Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-2194-4698 Journal Article 2024 06 08 Introduction: Chronic diseases such as functional abdominal pain in children cause psychological changes in addition to physical symptoms, which can increase the damage caused by this disease. Therefore, the necessity of research in the field of examining the psychological factors of these patients in order to increase their mental health is significant. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of adaptation skills in explaining the relationship between parent-child relationship and social learning in functional abdominal pain in 10-12-year-old children. Materials & Methods: The current research method was cross-sectional and structural equations type. The statistical population of the study included all children aged 10 to 12 years with functional abdominal pain disorder in Isfahan city in 1402. A number of 179 children were selected from the specialized clinics of digestive disorders in Isfahan based on the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools include parent-child relationship questionnaires (Pianta, 2011), learning parental pain behaviors short form, Stone, Children's Coping Behavior Questionnaire (CCBQ) and the revised abdominal pain index. To test the hypotheses, the statistical method of structural equations was used in SMART PLS-4 software. Results: The findings of the present study showed that adaptation skills can indirectly and significantly mediate the relationship between parent-child and social learning with children's functional abdominal pain (P<0.05). The direct regression paths of parent-child relationship and destructive coping with abdominal pain are equal to -0.17 and -0.24, respectively, and the direct paths of parent-child relationship and social learning to cope with the problem are equal to 0.34 and 23, respectively. It is 0.05 which is significant at the 0.05 level. Out of the six indirect paths with the mediation of the role of three behavioral adjustment styles, only two indirect paths parent-child relationship coping with the proble ، abdominal pains with regression coefficient equal to - 0.080 and t=2.23 and social learning، destructive coping ، Abdominal pains with a regression coefficient equal to 0.050 and t=1.99 are at the p<0.05 level, which is statistically significant. This means that the strategy of coping with the problem has an indirect and meaningful effect on the child's parent's relationship and social learning with children's abdominal pain and can play a mediating role. Conclusion: Having a positive and healthy relationship between parent and child acts as a protective factor against functional abdominal pain.Creating an open space to express their feelings and needs and providing appropriate support by parents can help improve children's emotional, psychological and social problems Introduction: Chronic diseases such as functional abdominal pain in children cause psychological changes in addition to physical symptoms, which can increase the damage caused by this disease. Therefore, the necessity of research in the field of examining the psychological factors of these patients in order to increase their mental health is significant. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of adaptation skills in explaining the relationship between parent-child relationship and social learning in functional abdominal pain in 10-12-year-old children. Materials & Methods: The current research method was cross-sectional and structural equations type. The statistical population of the study included all children aged 10 to 12 years with functional abdominal pain disorder in Isfahan city in 1402. A number of 179 children were selected from the specialized clinics of digestive disorders in Isfahan based on the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools include parent-child relationship questionnaires (Pianta, 2011), learning parental pain behaviors short form, Stone, Children's Coping Behavior Questionnaire (CCBQ) and the revised abdominal pain index. To test the hypotheses, the statistical method of structural equations was used in SMART PLS-4 software. Results: The findings of the present study showed that adaptation skills can indirectly and significantly mediate the relationship between parent-child and social learning with children's functional abdominal pain (P<0.05). The direct regression paths of parent-child relationship and destructive coping with abdominal pain are equal to -0.17 and -0.24, respectively, and the direct paths of parent-child relationship and social learning to cope with the problem are equal to 0.34 and 23, respectively. It is 0.05 which is significant at the 0.05 level. Out of the six indirect paths with the mediation of the role of three behavioral adjustment styles, only two indirect paths parent-child relationship coping with the proble ، abdominal pains with regression coefficient equal to - 0.080 and t=2.23 and social learning، destructive coping ، Abdominal pains with a regression coefficient equal to 0.050 and t=1.99 are at the p<0.05 level, which is statistically significant. This means that the strategy of coping with the problem has an indirect and meaningful effect on the child's parent's relationship and social learning with children's abdominal pain and can play a mediating role. Conclusion: Having a positive and healthy relationship between parent and child acts as a protective factor against functional abdominal pain.Creating an open space to express their feelings and needs and providing appropriate support by parents can help improve children's emotional, psychological and social problems

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718315_f0d7b28937652b803f261aaf1292d009.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 Reviewing the 32-year trend of substance abuse in Iran, guided by the 2021 global burden of diseases study Reviewing the 32-year trend of substance abuse in Iran, guided by the 2021 global burden of diseases study 47 55 718319 10.22034/pjms.2024.2040797.1161 FA Yaser Sarikhani Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. 0000-0002-0615-9210 Tahereh Rahimi Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. 0000-0002-1225-4759 Seyede Maryam Najibi Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 0000-0003-1214-5314 Journal Article 2024 09 10 Introduction: The increasing consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs has become a major health issue for health systems across the globe. This study aimed to assess the 32-year trend of substance abuse in Iran. Materials & Methods: In this ecological investigation, the 32-year trend of drug abuse in Iran is examined through the lens of incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) indicators, utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Report. Additionally, the significance of the annual percentage change (APC) of the indicators was examined using the Joinpoint Model. Results: The study's findings revealed a significant decrease in the APC in the incidence rate and DALYs linked to alcohol consumption in Iran over a 32-year period, observed in the overall population as well as in both male and female populations (P<0.001). Alternatively, the APC of DALYs attributed to drug abuse in Iran during the 32-year span exhibited a significant decrease that was limited to the female population (P<0.001). Furthermore, the data revealed a significant increasing trend in the APC for substance abuse across the entire population, including both male and female groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, there has been an increase in both the DALY and incidence of drug abuse in Iran in recent years. This situation underscores the urgent need for effective preventive and therapeutic interventions within the health system of Iran to combat the worsening crisis of drug abuse. Introduction: The increasing consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs has become a major health issue for health systems across the globe. This study aimed to assess the 32-year trend of substance abuse in Iran. Materials & Methods: In this ecological investigation, the 32-year trend of drug abuse in Iran is examined through the lens of incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) indicators, utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Report. Additionally, the significance of the annual percentage change (APC) of the indicators was examined using the Joinpoint Model. Results: The study's findings revealed a significant decrease in the APC in the incidence rate and DALYs linked to alcohol consumption in Iran over a 32-year period, observed in the overall population as well as in both male and female populations (P<0.001). Alternatively, the APC of DALYs attributed to drug abuse in Iran during the 32-year span exhibited a significant decrease that was limited to the female population (P<0.001). Furthermore, the data revealed a significant increasing trend in the APC for substance abuse across the entire population, including both male and female groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, there has been an increase in both the DALY and incidence of drug abuse in Iran in recent years. This situation underscores the urgent need for effective preventive and therapeutic interventions within the health system of Iran to combat the worsening crisis of drug abuse.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718319_87f5e01a53972444944be45e7e18b4ca.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 The effect of leech therapy on the severity and extent of psoriasis: a randomized, blinded clinical trial The effect of leech therapy on the severity and extent of psoriasis: a randomized, blinded clinical trial 56 62 718320 10.22034/pjms.2024.2042595.1171 FA Mohsen Fasele . Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Ehsan Khavare Master of Science in Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Mohsen Hojat Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Journal Article 2024 10 05 Introduction: Today, three to eleven percent of the world's population is suffering from psoriasis. This disease causes many physical, psychological, and social complications for patients. Despite the high cost and time of treating this chronic disease, modern medicine has not yet been able to provide a definitive solution for its treatment, however, in most of the old Greek, Iranian, and Indian medical books, complementary medicine and especially leech therapy are introduced as one of the ways to treat this disease. The present study was designed and implemented to determine the effectiveness of leech therapy on the severity and extent of psoriasis. Materials & Methods: This randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two intervention groups (routine psoriasis care with leech therapy) and control (receiving routine psoriasis care). The data collection tool included a demographic information questionnaire and the Psoriasis Extent and Severity Index (PASI). Data were analyzed with the help of the spss22 program under Windows and using Kolmogorov Smirnov, independent t, chisquare, and paired t-test. Results: The majority of the patients were men and held a diploma or higher degree. Before the intervention, the background variables and average PASI scores in the two groups did not have statistically significant differences (P=0.83, t=0.26). After the intervention, the mean score of PASI in the two intervention groups was statistically significantly different from the control group (P=0.004, t=2.94). In the two measurement periods (before and after the intervention), the mean scores of the PASI index in intervention group and in control group had a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The implementation of leech therapy is effective in improving the symptoms of psoriasis patients and results in a significant decrease in the PASI score of patients undergoing leech therapy, therefore, leech therapy as a cost-effective method in terms of cost and time can be used alongside Common medical treatments help in the recovery of such patients. Introduction: Today, three to eleven percent of the world's population is suffering from psoriasis. This disease causes many physical, psychological, and social complications for patients. Despite the high cost and time of treating this chronic disease, modern medicine has not yet been able to provide a definitive solution for its treatment, however, in most of the old Greek, Iranian, and Indian medical books, complementary medicine and especially leech therapy are introduced as one of the ways to treat this disease. The present study was designed and implemented to determine the effectiveness of leech therapy on the severity and extent of psoriasis. Materials & Methods: This randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two intervention groups (routine psoriasis care with leech therapy) and control (receiving routine psoriasis care). The data collection tool included a demographic information questionnaire and the Psoriasis Extent and Severity Index (PASI). Data were analyzed with the help of the spss22 program under Windows and using Kolmogorov Smirnov, independent t, chisquare, and paired t-test. Results: The majority of the patients were men and held a diploma or higher degree. Before the intervention, the background variables and average PASI scores in the two groups did not have statistically significant differences (P=0.83, t=0.26). After the intervention, the mean score of PASI in the two intervention groups was statistically significantly different from the control group (P=0.004, t=2.94). In the two measurement periods (before and after the intervention), the mean scores of the PASI index in intervention group and in control group had a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The implementation of leech therapy is effective in improving the symptoms of psoriasis patients and results in a significant decrease in the PASI score of patients undergoing leech therapy, therefore, leech therapy as a cost-effective method in terms of cost and time can be used alongside Common medical treatments help in the recovery of such patients.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718320_8784c177c8324ce2dd60821a9d5d5774.pdf

Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Pars Journal of Medical Sciences 2717-0284 22 3 2024 11 21 The effect of a period of resistance training along with the consumption of sumac supplement on Bcl-2 and Bax variables in Alzheimer's rats The effect of a period of resistance training along with the consumption of sumac supplement on Bcl-2 and Bax variables in Alzheimer's rats 63 70 718316 10.22034/pjms.2024.2038683.1156 FA Akbar Yegane Hashemi Department of Physical Education, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran 0000-0002-1509-3436 Abbas Saremi Professor of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran 0000-0002-0113-1497 Mohammad Reza Afarinesh Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 0000-0002-5122-9900 Journal Article 2024 08 17 Introduction: Bcl-2 and Bax are factors affecting the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease in the elderly.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of resistance training along with sumac supplementation on Bcl-2 and Bax variables in Alzheimer's rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 rats were randomly divided into five control groups, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease with sumac supplement, Alzheimer's disease with resistance training, and Alzheimer's disease with resistance training and sumac supplement consumption. Then, an amount of 8 mg/kg of trimethyltin chloride was injected into mice to induce Alzheimer's disease. Resistance exercises were performed for 12 weeks and blood samples were taken. The variables were analyzed by ELISA method. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05 was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that a period of resistance training along with receiving sumac supplement, as well as receiving sumac alone caused a significant decrease in Bax protein expression (p<0.001) and an increase in Bcl-2 protein expression (p<0.001) in all researched groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The resistance training program along with the consumption of sumac supplement can reduce the expression of Bax protein and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein in all research groups. This increase can probably reduce the progression of Alzheimer's disease or slow down its process. Introduction: Bcl-2 and Bax are factors affecting the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease in the elderly.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of resistance training along with sumac supplementation on Bcl-2 and Bax variables in Alzheimer's rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 rats were randomly divided into five control groups, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease with sumac supplement, Alzheimer's disease with resistance training, and Alzheimer's disease with resistance training and sumac supplement consumption. Then, an amount of 8 mg/kg of trimethyltin chloride was injected into mice to induce Alzheimer's disease. Resistance exercises were performed for 12 weeks and blood samples were taken. The variables were analyzed by ELISA method. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05 was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that a period of resistance training along with receiving sumac supplement, as well as receiving sumac alone caused a significant decrease in Bax protein expression (p<0.001) and an increase in Bcl-2 protein expression (p<0.001) in all researched groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The resistance training program along with the consumption of sumac supplement can reduce the expression of Bax protein and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein in all research groups. This increase can probably reduce the progression of Alzheimer's disease or slow down its process.

https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_718316_584239680cd7072a7256dd2392757e52.pdf