Jahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225Pulsed field gel electrophoresis protocol for typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coliPulsed field gel electrophoresis protocol for typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli1770012110.29252/jmj.9.2.1FAMojtabaAnvarinejadShohrehFarshadVahhabAlborziRezaRanjbarMarzeyehHoseiniJournal Article20221225Introduction: Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) is one of the best typing methods which is highly effective in molecular epidemiological studies in different areas. All bacterial isolates are typeable by PFGE and the results are highly reproducible. As this technique is very sensitive and the least variation in the parameter leads to lack of result or false positive, in this study we tried to optimize this method and eliminate the technical problems to obtain accurate results for comparison of different strains in epidemiological studies. Material and Methods: To assess the genotype pattern of Escherichia coli strains by PFGE method, we studied different parameters such as concentration of DNA molecules of the sample and their relationship with the enzymes concentration. Results: After different examinations, the best optical density for bacterial suspension in the wavelength of 610 was found to be within 0.6-0.7 nm and the best concentration of XbaI enzyme was 150 units. The appropriate time for proteinase K effect was 7 hours. Conclusion: It seems that the parameters used in this study are the most essential factors in the establishment of an effective PFGE method. With due attention to this experiment, researchers can use this method more efficiently than before for epidemiologic studies and comparison of different strains.Introduction: Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) is one of the best typing methods which is highly effective in molecular epidemiological studies in different areas. All bacterial isolates are typeable by PFGE and the results are highly reproducible. As this technique is very sensitive and the least variation in the parameter leads to lack of result or false positive, in this study we tried to optimize this method and eliminate the technical problems to obtain accurate results for comparison of different strains in epidemiological studies. Material and Methods: To assess the genotype pattern of Escherichia coli strains by PFGE method, we studied different parameters such as concentration of DNA molecules of the sample and their relationship with the enzymes concentration. Results: After different examinations, the best optical density for bacterial suspension in the wavelength of 610 was found to be within 0.6-0.7 nm and the best concentration of XbaI enzyme was 150 units. The appropriate time for proteinase K effect was 7 hours. Conclusion: It seems that the parameters used in this study are the most essential factors in the establishment of an effective PFGE method. With due attention to this experiment, researchers can use this method more efficiently than before for epidemiologic studies and comparison of different strains.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700121_f911160f91e798c1eb5606ece743f051.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225Comparison of cytokine levels IL2, IL6, TNFα in brain death and living donors and its relationship with early renal graft function in the recipients in Shiraz Namazi Hospital in 2008-9Comparison of cytokine levels IL2, IL6, TNFα in brain death and living donors and its relationship with early renal graft function in the recipients in Shiraz Namazi Hospital in 2008-981470012210.29252/jmj.9.2.8FAMaryamPakfetratJamshidRoozbehNegarAzarpiraFatemehEftekharianRezaSahraeiJournal Article20221225Introduction: Brain death leads to increased activity of cytokine, which can lead to renal graft dysfunction in the recipient. This study aims at reviewing the cytokine levels in brain death donors and living ones and their relationship to early renal graft function in recipients. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 104 patients who had received kidney transplant, from brain death and living doners. Serum levels of cytokines IL2 (Interleukine2), IL6 (Interleukine 6), TNFα (Tumor necrotizing factor α) in the donors before transplantation and serum creatinine levels and urine output after operation in the recipients were measured. Results: Of all the patients, 63 cases (60.6%) received kidney from brain death donors (group 1) and the rest from the living donors (group 2). The urine output and creatinine changes in the two groups were similar over time no significant differences were found. There were high levels of IL2, IL6, and TNFα in brain death donors before transplantation and a statistically significant difference was observed between brain death and living donors. IL6 levels before transplantation was higher in those who donated kidney to the group suffering from acute rejection and there was a significant difference between the groups not undergoing rejection. Conclusion: Based on the results, there are high levels of cytokines in brain death donors before transplantation. Among them, the serum level of IL6 is associated with an increase in acute rejection in kidney transplantation.Introduction: Brain death leads to increased activity of cytokine, which can lead to renal graft dysfunction in the recipient. This study aims at reviewing the cytokine levels in brain death donors and living ones and their relationship to early renal graft function in recipients. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 104 patients who had received kidney transplant, from brain death and living doners. Serum levels of cytokines IL2 (Interleukine2), IL6 (Interleukine 6), TNFα (Tumor necrotizing factor α) in the donors before transplantation and serum creatinine levels and urine output after operation in the recipients were measured. Results: Of all the patients, 63 cases (60.6%) received kidney from brain death donors (group 1) and the rest from the living donors (group 2). The urine output and creatinine changes in the two groups were similar over time no significant differences were found. There were high levels of IL2, IL6, and TNFα in brain death donors before transplantation and a statistically significant difference was observed between brain death and living donors. IL6 levels before transplantation was higher in those who donated kidney to the group suffering from acute rejection and there was a significant difference between the groups not undergoing rejection. Conclusion: Based on the results, there are high levels of cytokines in brain death donors before transplantation. Among them, the serum level of IL6 is associated with an increase in acute rejection in kidney transplantation.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700122_daeb651a3e9f4597160e119c9986dbd5.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225Nutritional status of children under two years and its associated factors in urban and rural areas of Jahrom, 2007-8Nutritional status of children under two years and its associated factors in urban and rural areas of Jahrom, 2007-8152070012310.29252/jmj.9.2.15FASosanTorabiSeyedEsmaeilManaghebSamiraRahmanianRazeyehZahediZohrehSolhjooJournal Article20221225Introduction: Breastfeeding and the complementary feeding have a prominent role in the growth and development of children. This survey was designed to assess the nutritional status of children under two years in urban and rural areas of Jahrom. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 435 children aged 18-24 months and living in rural and urban areas. Data were collected through a questionnaire and descriptive and analytic statistics were employed. Results: In this survey, the mean (SD) age of the children was 20.86 3.305 years. Exclusive breast feeding was 55.4 percent and the mean (SD) age of exclusive breastfeeding was 5.49 ± 1.64 years. Moreover, 26.9 percent of the children were fed with artificial milk. The mean (SD) age to start supplementary feeding was 6.040.956 and that of continuation of breast feeding until 2 years of age was18.58 5.321. Conclusion: Considering the considerable lack of exclusive breast feeding and its resulting complications and consumption of about two times as much artificial milk in the urban as compared to rural areas, it seems that there should be an attempt to educate mothers on the disadvantages of lack of exclusive breast feeding and advantages of breastfeeding specially in rural health care centers.Introduction: Breastfeeding and the complementary feeding have a prominent role in the growth and development of children. This survey was designed to assess the nutritional status of children under two years in urban and rural areas of Jahrom. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 435 children aged 18-24 months and living in rural and urban areas. Data were collected through a questionnaire and descriptive and analytic statistics were employed. Results: In this survey, the mean (SD) age of the children was 20.86 3.305 years. Exclusive breast feeding was 55.4 percent and the mean (SD) age of exclusive breastfeeding was 5.49 ± 1.64 years. Moreover, 26.9 percent of the children were fed with artificial milk. The mean (SD) age to start supplementary feeding was 6.040.956 and that of continuation of breast feeding until 2 years of age was18.58 5.321. Conclusion: Considering the considerable lack of exclusive breast feeding and its resulting complications and consumption of about two times as much artificial milk in the urban as compared to rural areas, it seems that there should be an attempt to educate mothers on the disadvantages of lack of exclusive breast feeding and advantages of breastfeeding specially in rural health care centers.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700123_1d88625a245e0c3d0f05d4feefc374f0.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225Detection of Leishmania parasites species isolated from patients suffering from kala-azar using one-step PCRDetection of Leishmania parasites species isolated from patients suffering from kala-azar using one-step PCR212670012410.29252/jmj.9.2.21FAMehdiFakharMohammadHosseinMotazedianSeyedAliHashemiAhmadGolkarJournal Article20221225Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar is an important parasitic diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania including L. donovani, L. infantum. Epidemiological evidences show that VL is frequently common in some areas of Jahrom district in Fars Province. This study aimed to characterize the causative agent of VL in this region. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow sample was obtained from 16 VL patients from Pediatric hospital in Jahrom town. DNA was extracted from the microscopic slides and checked by specific PCR to find out the species of the parasite. To do it, a segment of minicirclekinetoplast DNA was amplified, using LINR4 and LIN17 primers. Products of PCR were evaluated by electrophoresis, using 1.5% agarose. Results: Anti-leishmania antibody was detected in all patients by IFAT. Examination of bone marrow smears demonstrated numerous amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishman bodies) in the samples. All the samples produced a 720 bp band in PCR assay. The isolates were compared with reference strains and revealed that all the isolates are L. infantum. Conclusion: Our findings showed that species characterization with one-step PCR by LIN17 and LINR4 is simple and fast it was also confirmed that the causative agent of VL in Jahrom is L. infantum.Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar is an important parasitic diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania including L. donovani, L. infantum. Epidemiological evidences show that VL is frequently common in some areas of Jahrom district in Fars Province. This study aimed to characterize the causative agent of VL in this region. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow sample was obtained from 16 VL patients from Pediatric hospital in Jahrom town. DNA was extracted from the microscopic slides and checked by specific PCR to find out the species of the parasite. To do it, a segment of minicirclekinetoplast DNA was amplified, using LINR4 and LIN17 primers. Products of PCR were evaluated by electrophoresis, using 1.5% agarose. Results: Anti-leishmania antibody was detected in all patients by IFAT. Examination of bone marrow smears demonstrated numerous amastigotes of Leishmania (Leishman bodies) in the samples. All the samples produced a 720 bp band in PCR assay. The isolates were compared with reference strains and revealed that all the isolates are L. infantum. Conclusion: Our findings showed that species characterization with one-step PCR by LIN17 and LINR4 is simple and fast it was also confirmed that the causative agent of VL in Jahrom is L. infantum.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700124_aa4ac653a85c6498bf37baf42d51a754.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225The effect of acute physical exercise on serum IL-6 and CRP levels in healthy non-athlete adolescentsThe effect of acute physical exercise on serum IL-6 and CRP levels in healthy non-athlete adolescents273370012510.29252/jmj.9.2.27FAHamidRezaMohammadiFarzanehTaghianMohammadSadeghKhoshnamMohammadRafatiMehdiSabaghJournal Article20221225https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700125_e2b4525025792b639ab9ba191c08e0a9.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225Assesment of mothers' behavior about prevention of febrile seizure in children in Arak city: application of the Health Belief ModelAssesment of mothers' behavior about prevention of febrile seizure in children in Arak city: application of the Health Belief Model344070012610.29252/jmj.9.2.34FAMahbobehSajadi HazavehMohsenShamsiJournal Article20221225Introduction: Febrile convulsion is the most common neurological disorder in children below the age of six. Considering the important role of mothers in controling the disease, the present study was carried out to assess the mothers' behavior based on the Health Belief Model about prevention of febrile seizure in children in Arak city. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on one hundred women with children under 2 years of age. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on HBM (perceived susceptibility, severity, barrier and benefit and cues to action and performance checklist about prevention of febrile convulsion. The data were collected through organized interviews and finally analysed. Results: The findings showed that the amount of perceived barriers in mothers with weak performance was more than that in other mothers, and the two groups revealed a significant difference. Poor functioning was more commonly seen in illiterate mothers or those with primary education,and the two groups showed a significant difference. Percived susceptibility in mothers with low literacy and poor performance was also lower than the others (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the fact that most mothers in this study performed poorly in preventing seizures caused by fever, increased awareness, severity, intensity and perceived benefits and reduced perceived barriers performance in preventing further seizure-induced fever were increased. Therefore, a strict educational program based on Health Belief Model for the health of children is recommended.Introduction: Febrile convulsion is the most common neurological disorder in children below the age of six. Considering the important role of mothers in controling the disease, the present study was carried out to assess the mothers' behavior based on the Health Belief Model about prevention of febrile seizure in children in Arak city. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on one hundred women with children under 2 years of age. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on HBM (perceived susceptibility, severity, barrier and benefit and cues to action and performance checklist about prevention of febrile convulsion. The data were collected through organized interviews and finally analysed. Results: The findings showed that the amount of perceived barriers in mothers with weak performance was more than that in other mothers, and the two groups revealed a significant difference. Poor functioning was more commonly seen in illiterate mothers or those with primary education,and the two groups showed a significant difference. Percived susceptibility in mothers with low literacy and poor performance was also lower than the others (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the fact that most mothers in this study performed poorly in preventing seizures caused by fever, increased awareness, severity, intensity and perceived benefits and reduced perceived barriers performance in preventing further seizure-induced fever were increased. Therefore, a strict educational program based on Health Belief Model for the health of children is recommended.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700126_b6e0db3b4d374eb7e8d52b9f271f4822.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225The effectiveness of the emotional disclosure intervention on declining stress and inhibition among psychosomatic patientsThe effectiveness of the emotional disclosure intervention on declining stress and inhibition among psychosomatic patients414770012710.29252/jmj.9.2.41FAAhmadAlipourAhmadAliNoorbalaMahnazYazdanfarMojganAgah HerisJournal Article20221225Introduction: The present research aimed at decreasing the stress and inhibition due to discharge of effect with written structure in patients who suffer from psychosomatic symptoms. Material and Methods: After using the perceived stress questionnaire and defense mechanism questionnaire, eventually 43 patients who were suffering from psychosomatic disorder were selected among the patients who had referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. They had obtained M>21 in perceived stress scale, and their repression mean scores were more than 11.5. This research was conducted based on a quasi-experimental design. Then, they were selected through available sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. After instruction on written emotional expression, the data were gathered and analyzed using T-test. Results: The analysis of data revealed that emotional expression significantly declined the perceived stress levels among subjects of in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, inhibition scores among the experimental group, compared to the control group, had significantly decreased after emotional expression contribution (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that although emotional expression was very painful in the days which were written, it had positive effects on declining stress levels in the long-term. Also it made a decline in inhibition so that it helped the patients improve their health condition.Introduction: The present research aimed at decreasing the stress and inhibition due to discharge of effect with written structure in patients who suffer from psychosomatic symptoms. Material and Methods: After using the perceived stress questionnaire and defense mechanism questionnaire, eventually 43 patients who were suffering from psychosomatic disorder were selected among the patients who had referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. They had obtained M>21 in perceived stress scale, and their repression mean scores were more than 11.5. This research was conducted based on a quasi-experimental design. Then, they were selected through available sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. After instruction on written emotional expression, the data were gathered and analyzed using T-test. Results: The analysis of data revealed that emotional expression significantly declined the perceived stress levels among subjects of in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, inhibition scores among the experimental group, compared to the control group, had significantly decreased after emotional expression contribution (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that although emotional expression was very painful in the days which were written, it had positive effects on declining stress levels in the long-term. Also it made a decline in inhibition so that it helped the patients improve their health condition.https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700127_e4112e01e81849f8a26e5b46441f41fa.pdfJahrom University of Medical SciencesPars Journal of Medical Sciences2717-02849220221225485470012810.29252/jmj.9.2.48FAHAraziADamirchiAMostafaloo0000-0003-3021-060XJournal Article20221225https://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article_700128_65cd169a5f01d7b5837ea3daef585657.pdf